CEDAR VALE LUMBER AND COAL CO. of which F. M. Prentiss is manager, was started in 1897. This company keeps a full line of lumber, paints, etc., and deals in coal. It is one of the solid business institutions of the city and enjoys a good patronage.

T. M. POLSON removed from Elgin to Cedar Vale four years ago and has become one of the active business men of the city. He owns the Big Caney Roller Mills, which have a capacity of fifty barrels per day; also an elevator at the railroad yards. He has recently completed the Opera House block, which is a fine two story building, the upper floor of which is the opera house, with a seating capacity of 700 and ample stage room, fitted with all necessary scenery. It is in its appointments the best opera house in the state for a city of this size, and is only surpassed by those in the larger sized cities. Mr. Polson has opened up a stock of general merchandise in the lower part of the block. The Cedar Vale National Bank occupies half the frontage to a depth of sixty feet, the remainder being used by Mr. Polson. The block is 50 ft. wide by 110 ft. in depth and is located on a good business corner.

D. E. LOOMIS is proprietor of the Cedar Vale Racket Store and has a very complete stock of general merchandise of every description. By prompt attention to the wants of his customers he has succeeded in building up a good business and it is constantly increasing. Mr. Loomis came here from Kansas City in April, 1900, having previously been a commercial traveler for a number of years. He located in Cedar Vale after having spent several months in investigating other points and is well satisfied with his choice. During the short time he has been here he has made numerous friends, and was recently elected banker in the M. W. A.

P. N. WHITNEY, M.D., has been a resident of Cedar Vale for about ten years. He came originally from Illinois--having spent two years as a student at Lombard University, Galesburg, Ill. He graduated at Gem City College, Quincy, Ill., and later graduated in medicine at the Electric Medical Institute, Cincinnati. During the past four years he has had the leading drug business in the city. His daughter, Miss Ethel, is a very clever artist in oil painting; another daughter, Miss Stella, who is studying pharmacy, is very expert in crayon portrait work. Dr. Whitney is one of the leading practitioners of Cedar Vale and vicinity.

WHALING & MEAD, druggist, are located in the north room of the new double store building which they erected in 1900. John Whaling is a son of one of the early settlers, coming here in 1871. C. W. Mead came from Elgin in 1896, when the present partnership was formed. They carry a full stock of drugs and have the best arranged store in the city.

J. M. ENNIS, M.D., came to Cedar Vale from Kentucky in 1887. He is a graduate of Louisville Medical College and Kansas City University; is local surgeon for the Santa Fe railroad and examiner for the New York Life and other old line companies; has a very extensive practice in city and county.

W. L. CHRISTIE came from Indiana to Miami county, Kansas, in 1855. He commenced business in Cedar Vale in January, 1894, buying out the implements department of L. C. Adam. He now has an extensive hardware, implement, buggy and harness business. Also has 240 acres of fine farming and grazing land. Is clerk of the school board.

MAHER & LEWELEN purchased the F. M. Hills stock of hardware, implements, buggies and undertaking in 1899. R. J. Maher is from the Osage country and has interests in Pawhuska, O. T. Reece Lewelen is son of one of the early settlers, coming here in 1873--his father at his death leaving over 1,000 acres of good farming land three miles from the city. The members of the firm are both enterprising young men and are building up a fine business.

J. H. LAUGHLIN, City Treasurer, came to Kansas in 1868. Has been a member of the city council, also for five years financier A. O. U. W., and for several seasons captain of the base ball team. Has the leading tonsorial parlor in the city.

CHAS. E. KRAUSE is 31 years of age, thirty of which he has lived in Kansas. Has been in business for eight years and built up fine trade in painting and paper hanging., of which he carries the largest stock in the county at his store on Monroe street. He has a very neat residence, centrally located.

CEDAR VALE CREAMERY AND POWER CO. is a stock corporation and has the contract for furnishing water to the city and railroads. M. O. Aws, lessee of the plant, has built up a fine trade. It is worked on the separator plan--farmers furnish cream and keep the sweet milk. Shipments are made to distant points and the product finds a ready market.

JAS. F. SEYBOLD, Contractor, came from Illinois in 1884 and has built the best residences in this section, among which are those of L. C. Adam, Jno. and J. M. Dosbaugh, Lewelen, Guthrie, etc.--in all eighty-three residences, three churches, flour mill, school houses, and remodeled twenty buildings. Most of the residences shown in the engravings were built by him. His work is first-class.

F. M. MILLS, owner of the Hills block, has been in Cedar Vale since 1871 and started in the mercantile business in 1878, which he continued until 1899, when he sold out to Maher & Lewelen. He is one of the prominent early settler and a stockholder in the Cedar Vale National Bank.

One of the prominent pioneers of this country was the Hon. Ed Hewins, whose memory will always fondly linger in the minds of many of the earlier residents. He was a benefactor without an equal. To a friend he was open hearted--he was his own worst enemy. Before railroads were here, he made it possible for stockmen and breeders to sell on this market at good figures and save the time, expense and frequent losses that would entail in driving long distances to railroad. It is said that he would frequently advance money to keep a friend, without any security. There are many prosperous men in this part of the country who owe their start and subsequent success to the liberality and large-heartedness of this man. At one time he was considered worth a quarter of a million, but reverses, losses and despondency caused insolvency and hastened his death, which occurred in December, 1898. In politics he was democratic, and was elected state senator, overcoming a republican majority of about 3,000 in the district, thus evidencing his popularity. Let his memory be revered in loving kindness, (he had his faults, who has not) let us think only of his may good qualities, his many deeds of kindness, his love for his fellowman.

The original property belonging to this ranch consisted of 1,680 acres, part of it being Hewins Park, which during the life of the former owner was quite an attractive place, containing tame antelope, buffalo, black bear and numerous other animals. At the present time there are 1,140 acres in one body, the property of A. I. and L. C. Adam. This ranch adjoins the city limits and has pasturage for 300 to 350 head of cattle, is well watered by Cedar creek, which meanders for about a mile through the land, and has two artificial lakes. Timber of excellent quality abounds along the banks of the creek on the north side and high bluffs on the south side, making an ideal spot for wintering stock--there are three good feed lots. This ranch is unique in one respect, all the fences are of stone, of which there are over five miles. The residence contains eleven rooms and is surrounded by ornamental evergreens and shade trees. There is a large barn, two good orchards, two tenant houses, stables, corn cribs, etc. This location is one of the best in this part of the state--part of the land lying in the valley, is susceptible of cultivation and will raise sufficient feed to supply the stock--the upland affords fine pasturage. The climate is about the same as southern Texas.

M. DRUMM came from Ohio to Kansas in 1887 and located about six miles southeast of Cedar Vale. He has 2,258 acres of farming and grazing lands; usually cultivates about 500 acres in corn, wheat, alfalfa, etc. He has a fine herd of Shorthorn cattle the bulls (23 in number) being eligible for registry. He usually has from 500 to 600 head of cattle and 200 Essex hogs. The ranch house is prettily located in Rock Creek valley and the lands extend from miles to the south and southeast. Frank Drumm, the youngest son, is raising saddle and driving horses and always has some good ones for sale.

ELI TITUS, general live stock agent for the Santa Fe Railway Co., formerly lived in Cedar Vale and was the partner in Hewins & Titus, the cattle kings of southern Kansas. He was at one time elected sheriff and displayed remarkable nerve in going after criminals, never sending a deputy and generally capturing his man. His many friends here speak of him as a good whole-souled fellow.

HEWINS PARK AND FAIR ASSOCIATIONS OF CEDAR VALE is a corporation owning fifty-five acres, of which Hewins Park is a part. It has ample room for accommodating large crowds; has a half mile regulation race track, grand stand, judges stand, stables and is the leading grounds of this nature in the southern part of the state and has proved a financial success.

We are indebted to Hon. F. D. Coburn, secretary of the State Agricultural Department, for the use of the engraving on the opposite page showing the Evolution of the Kansas Steer. This is not a cartoon, but an accomplished fact, which has taken place in the last decade. Ten years ago the average Kansas steer in this section was like the debilitated skeleton which appears on the left side in the picture--long horned, with hide fitting close to the bones--a good subject for anything but an epicurean table. Now we find the reverse, and the Kansas steer of today is an animal of which Kansas may well feel proud and averages up well with the two animals shown on the right. These are the class of cattle which are being raised in this section of the state, and no better are to be found anywhere. In some of the following pages will be found engravings taken from life, which help to bear out the assertion.

Among the best Hereford breeders is L. H. Sullivan, who has a fine farm and ranch two miles from the city. He came to Cedar Vale with his father, J. S. Sullivan, in 1874; commenced farming on his present place in 1884, and in 1886 first started to breed Herefords. He now owns the celebrated bull Beau Donald 4th 86,141, half brother to Beau Donald 2d 86,139, which sold in Kansas City for $1,200 at the Hereford sale in 1899. Beau Donald 4th is considered among the best Hereford bulls in existence at the present time. He is a son of Beau Donald 58,006, grandson of Sir Carroll 2d 40,067, and great grandson of Don Carlos 33,734, Anxiety 4th 9,904, Earl of Shadeland 9th 16,900, Prince Edward 7,001. He was bred in Old Kentucky, calved July 15, 1898, his present weight is 1,700 and he is a sure winner. In addition to this fine animal he has fifteen head of registered stock and about 250 to 300 high grade Herefords. In the engraving is shown Beda 66,285, by Hesoid 2d 40,679, he by Hesoid 11,975; CANA ROSE 103,273 is a calf of Beda's and ROSEBUD 81,004 is a half sister to Beda. The Hesoid breed ranks high and is well known to all Hereford breeders. JENNIE 77,766 and WINSOME WASHINGTON 72,860 are half sisters and descendants of Sir Richard 2d 970a, Sir Oliver 2d 973, Sir Benjamin 36. BIRDIE C. 72,594 is from Marquis 58,271, Lord Wilton 4,057 and other noted strains. These animals happened to be within range of the camera--there are nine others with equally good pedigrees. Mr. Sullivan also breeds high grade Poland China hogs, while Mrs. Sullivan is a poultry enthusiast and has a large number of thoroughbred White Leghorns. It is a beautiful place, as may be judged from the engraving of their handsome residence.

Prominent among cattlemen is G. W. Holroyd, proprietor of the Cedar Vale Shorthorn Farm--consisting of 880 acres of farming and grazing lands, distant three miles from the city. He is one of five sons of Rev. Stephen Holroyd, Baptist, who came to Kansas in 40 1870 from Illinois. The elder Holroyd originated the town of Ozro, this county, moved from there to Hart's Mills and finally located on the homestead six miles southeast of Cedar Vale. G. W. Holroyd is breeding Shorthorns exclusively and at the head of is herd is the grand animal shown in the engraving. LORD VICTOR JR., 133,437, son of LORD VICTOR 2d 104,150, grandson of BARON GENEVA 2d 90,470. He was calved Feb. 14, '97, and at present weights 2,500 lbs. This is undoubtedly the finest Shorthorn bull in this section and probably its equal is not to be found in the state. The other engraving shows a group of registered Shorthorn heifers and cows. MINNIE AIRDRIE is registered in vol. 40 p. 636; was sired by Midway Airdrie 112,935 and he be Minnie of Flat Creek Acomb 82,334. RED MOLLY, vol. 42 p. 996, is half sister to MINNIE NEIL 2d, vol. 42 p. 996, and are sired by Barmpton's Hope 96,039, he by Ninescah Chief 33,331. The calf is Molly's. VESTA 4th (with calf) was sired by Godard Duke 2d 122,684, he by Barmpton's Hope 96,039. These are a few of the animals which happened to be in the nearby feed lot. There are from 300 to 400 marketed annually and 150 to 200 head of Poland China hogs. The residence is substantially built and quite modern in design, and is tastefully arranged in its interior plan. Mr. Holroyd is considered one of the most substantial men of this section and is deserving of his present position, having reached it by diligent attention to business, promptness and industry.

This is the largest cattle ranch in this section of the country, covering 6,500 acres. The Cowles Cattle company is incorporated--has a capital of $100,00. Its officers are Marion A. Cowles, president; Laura J. Cowles, vice president; Dr. A. S. Martin, secretary-treasurer. The vast acreage which this ranch occupies is divided into seven pastures, each having running water in creeks fed by never-failing springs. This company makes a specialty of raising cattle for sale and has supplied points as far distant as Mexico, Texas and elsewhere. It is an ideal place for raising cattle and is without doubt the best grazing land and best watered ranch to be found anywhere. About 900 acres are in cultivation--corn, alfalfa, sorghum and millet are raised in sufficient quantity to supply feed for the herd, which numbers considerably over 1,000 head. There are 24 registered Hereford bulls, 20 full blood Hereford bulls, 3 registered Shorthorn bulls, 15 thoroughbred Shorthorn cows and heifers, 20 thoroughbred Hereford cows and heifers. These thoroughbred cows are kept for the purpose of raising bulls for use with the herd. There are about 1,000 head of cows--two-thirds of them are high grade Herefords--the other one-third are high grade Shorthorns. It is nineteen years ago since the present company purchased the ranch from the New Jersey Cattle company. In addition to the large herd of cattle they also raise annually from 100 to 300 Poland China hogs.

This ranch, consisting of 1,800 acres, is owned by Richard B. King of New York City and Harry S. King of London, Eng. It lies in an easterly direction from Cedar Vale. The Missouri Pacific railroad crosses the north end and the town of Wauneta, with depot and stock yards, are located on the ranch land. On the south end of the ranch the town of Hewins, on the Santa Fe railroad, is about one and one-half miles distant, so that it has unsurpassed railroad facilities. Grant creek runs for three miles through the property, its banks fringed with hardwood timber; its water is of the purest quality and never-failing. There are 500 acres under cultivation, on with is raised wheat, corn, alfalfa, hay, etc. The balance is good pasture land. About 320 acres has stone fence, hog tight, and the remaining portion has good barbed wire fences; thee are five large pastures and seven fields and meadows. The ranch house is a very comfortable building, the barns have stall room for fifteen head and the storage capacity of warehouses and corn cribs is about 6,000 bushels. The large feed lot shown in the engraving has sufficient space to feed 1,000 head of cattle. W. F. Holroyd has the management of the property and everything is in excellent shape.

The original Holroyd homestead was settled in 1870 by Rev. Stephen Holroyd and after his death was purchased by W. F. Holroyd and his sister, Luceba M. Holroyd. The acreage has been added to from time to time until there is now 1,400 in one tract, of which 600 are in cultivation--principally in wheat, corn and alfalfa. W. F. Holroyd is the third son of Rev. Stephen Holroyd; Luceba M. Holroyd is the youngest and only surviving daughter. Together they are farming and raising cattle and have about 250 head, many of them high grade. Miss Luceba is the only unmarried lady in this section engaged in the cattle business, has been very successful financially, is naturally fond of the position she occupies and can talk and handle cattle almost as well as any cattleman. Her brother is one of the solid men of the county which position he has attained by diligent attention to business and indefatigable industry.

This farm is located due south from Cedar Vale and is about six miles from the city. It contains upwards of 3,000 acres, of which 300 are in cultivation. It is well watered by creeks fed by living springs of pure water; is well timbered, this affording excellent shelter from storms; has fine grazing land and is one of the best ranches in this section of country. There are about 650 head of high grade Galloways, twelve registered bulls and 300 to 400 Poland China hogs. At a recent sale in Kansas City, Mr. Adam purchased Trachsel 15,612, calved Aug. 20, 1899, and Rosco 15,620, calved May 5, 1899. They are half brothers, sired by Prince of Chillicothe 12,994, by Salvator 8,473. These, together with Chantrell, calved May 30, 1900, are considered three of the best young Galloways ever introduced into this section. In the accompanying engraving is shown part of a bunch of steers which are being wintered on Rock creek, where there is a cattle shed 300 feet long. He is also having large sheds built near the commodious ranch house, where the manager, A. H. Pack, resides with his family. In addition to his large individual interests, he is also the senior member of the firm of Adam & Shaver, lessees of thousands of acres of pasture land in the Osage country, and handling many thousand head of cattle each season. He also owns large land and cattle interests with his brother, L. C. Adam. He has a fine city residence shown herewith. Probably no other man is so well known and esteemed as is A. I. Adam.

LEWIS BUCKLEY, who lives one mile west, located there in 1869, when the nearest railroad point was Emporia, 100 miles distant, and mail came to Eureka, fifty miles away. The townsite of Cedar Vale had not been located at that time. He now has 400 acres of the best land on earth, most of it under cultivation; has a fine apple orchard, which is very productive; has about 100 Shorthorns and 200 Poland China hogs. Mr. Buckley raises fine Bronze turkeys, of which there are usually about 100 on the farm. Mr. and Mrs. Buckley are among the earliest pioneers and have a very fine house.

Geo. W. Webb came from Virginia in 1870 and settled on land one and one-half miles west of the city. He has 840 acres, 280 of which are in cultivation, the remainder good pasturage. He has two very fine thoroughbred Galloway bulls two years old--VICTOR 16,450 and NAKITO 16,434--also 170 head of high grade Galloways, and markets annually 50 to 100 Poland China hogs. He has a very handsome residence, shown in the engraving, and large barns, stable and sheds. Cedar creek, which runs through his land for three-quarters of a mile, is well timbered along the banks. His oldest son, Fay, is employed in the Cedar Vale National Bank; his oldest daughter, Virginia, is a graduate of Carr-Burdette College, Sherman, Texas, where she was awarded the god medal for greatest advancement in drawing and painting. Her work as an artist in crayon, water and oil is very fine, is much admired and in great demand.

The farm of D. A. Bartgis is about one and one-half miles from the city in a (part missing) direction. It is well located for both farming and stock raising, part of it being valley land of excellent quality and the balance good grazing land well watered and timbered and affording fine pasturage. He owns 240 acres and also cultivates the adjoining 240 acres belonging to the D. Bartgis estate. He usually has from 70 to 80 head of cattle and about fifty Poland China hogs; also has a fine matched team of young mules, considered the best team in this part of the country. D. A. Bartgis came to Kansas with his father and other members of the family in 1877. About two years later his father was killed by the caving in of an excavation while mining for coal, which is known to exist in considerable quantity on the Bartgis estate. On his own place he has built a very substantial farm residence under the brow of the bluff, which gives shelter from the prevailing winds, and also an elegant view of the valley for miles in every direction.

W. M. JONES and the CEDAR VALE COMMERCIAL are so closely identified with the business interests of Cedar Vale and vicinity that this Souvenir would not be complete without a reference to them. Mr. Jones came here in 1889 and founded the paper, which has gradually increased its circulation and has become one of the best established papers in southern Kansas. It has been a leader in advocating and promoting everything for the advancement of the interests of the city and surrounding country, and the proprietor has identified himself with the enterprises that have been established here. It has a very complete job printing establishment to which we are indebted for the entire work on this Souvenir. The editor is also financially interested in a number of business industries in the city and owns a good farm with a half mile of town.